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Henry Conybeare
Henry Conybeare (22 February 1823 – 23 January 1892) was an English civil engineer and Gothic revival architect who designed two notable churches and greatly improved the supply of drinking water to Mumbai.
==Early life in England and work in India==
Conybeare was born at Brislington (now a suburb of Bristol), Somerset.〔(Arthur L. Humphreys: "The Somerset Roll: An Experimental List of Worthies, Unworthies and Villains Born in the County", London, Strangeways, 1897 )〕 He was the fourth son of William Daniel Conybeare, the eminent geologist and Dean of Llandaff, and the great-grandson of John Conybeare, Bishop of Bristol. He qualified as an engineer and moved to India while still in his twenties to work on the Bombay Great Eastern Railway project.〔(Murali Ranganathan and Gyan Prakash: "Govind Narayan's Mumbai: An Urban Biography from 1863", p.335 )〕 The project was superseded in 1849 by the creation of the Great Indian Peninsula Railway.
Meanwhile, his interest in Gothic architecture led him in 1847 to submit plans for the construction of the Afghan Church in Colaba. The architect originally selected, John Macduff Derick, had already presented his designs to the authorities, but they decided in June 1845 that these were unfit for purpose and the building would cost too much.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=John Macduff Derick (c. 1805/6 – 1859) by Phil Mottram, 2004 )〕 Conybeare's designs were chosen instead, and the church was eventually consecrated in 1858. The reredos, the Afghan War Memorial mosaics, and the tiles, pews and screen were designed by William Butterfield.〔Paul Thompson: "William Butterfield", Routledge & Kegan Paul, London, 1971, p.450 ISBN 0-7100-6930-8〕
In 1852, Conybeare produced an influential report to the Bombay Board of Conservancy entitled "Report on the Sanitary State and Sanitary Requirements of Bombay". He became Superintendent of Repairs for Bombay, where his plans for a water-supply scheme were accepted in 1855.〔Trevor Turpin: "Dam" (Objekt series), Reaktion Books, 2008, p.67-8 ISBN 978-1-86189-328-4〕 The Vihar Lake supplied the first piped water to the city in 1860, and its water-works are still in use today.〔(History of Water Supply (The Mumbai pages) )〕
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